Abstract
This chapter analyses recent theoretical and empirical contributions that have emerged in the opening decade of the twenty-first century. The post-9/11 era has seen dramatic shifts in how one's conceptualise and responds hate crime, although many areas of enquiry remain underdeveloped. The chapter explains an extensive online search of journals and texts addressing hate crime. It identifies four broad categories dominating the literature: making sense of hate crime; 'categories' of victimisation; hate groups; and responding to hate crime. The chapter discusses hate crime literature has tended to be very broad and non-specific in its focus. That is, little scholarship devotes attention to specific categories of victims. The chapter also explains a renewed emphasis on research focusing on the distinct or even comparative experiences of narrowly defined communities. It argues several areas in which there is great scope for development, beginning with consideration of the broader impacts of hate crime.
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