The moral imperative of criticism

Abstract

The lack of candor in today's political and social life makes the teaching and use of moral criteria in rhetorical criticism particularly germane. Literary critics, critical historians, and ethical philosophers have long been concerned with this problem. Rhetorical critics, and teachers with their emphasis upon the “means” rather than the “ends” of rhetoric, have been less involved. Moreover, rhetoric is always intimately concerned with moral values. Hence this essay reemphasizes the value of using and teaching basic moral criteria. The pedagogue‐critic, as humanist, must develop not just an aesthetic sensitivity which analyzes the “means” of rhetoric, but a social and moral one which assesses its “ends.” Toward this aim the critic can use three significant measuring devices: he must seek the truth, tell the truth, and expose lies. Moreover, this needs to be accomplished on both the personal and social level. It is in this fashion that the pedagogue‐critic can aid both rhetoric and society.