Abstract
The article tells the history of the design of the Moorish Pavilion, headquarters of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), completed in 1918. The year 2021 marks the fortieth anniversary since its listing by the Brazilian heritage protection agency, Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico Nacional, as one of the most representative examples of eclectic architecture in Brazil. Designed by the Portuguese architect Luiz Moraes Jr., its aesthetic, formal, spatial, and functional features derive from multiple influences, which consolidated its recognition as Brazilian cultural heritage. The urban setting in which it was built, in Rio de Janeiro, is also analyzed, and the revision of the historiography of Brazilian architecture, instrumental in the recognition of its cultural and scientific value, is appraised.
Highlights
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz) has its roots in the Instituto Soroterápico de Manguinhos (Manguinhos Serum Therapy Institute), founded in 1900, which went through a series of name changes: Instituto de Patologia Experimental (Institute of Experimental Pathology), in 1907; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Institute), in 1909; Fundação Recursos Humanos para a Saúde (Foundation of Human Resources for Health), in 1969; and Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), in 1970 (Costa, 15 maio 2018)
The code used by eclecticism was easy to grasp at the time: “The disconcerting juxtaposition of several styles was one of the means of expression open to nineteenth-century architects” (p.100)
In synthetic eclecticism, the architect was at liberty to choose different models from the past to inform the principles, solutions, and motifs of the building, which were combined to produce its overall aesthetic
Summary
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz) has its roots in the Instituto Soroterápico de Manguinhos (Manguinhos Serum Therapy Institute), founded in 1900, which went through a series of name changes: Instituto de Patologia Experimental (Institute of Experimental Pathology), in 1907; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Institute), in 1909; Fundação Recursos Humanos para a Saúde (Foundation of Human Resources for Health), in 1969; and Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), in 1970 (Costa, 15 maio 2018).
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