Abstract
The purpose of this study in the context of the open reading frame 3 (ORF3) protein of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was especially its location and its relation to the capsid protein and the apoptosis protein in PCV2-infected porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To detect the ORF3 protein, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated in this study. The mAb 7D3 binds to the ORF3 peptide (residues 35–66) and the native ORF3 protein in PCV2-infected PBMCs, as shown by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The data show that 3–5% of PBMCs were positive for ORF3 protein or p53 protein. Further, 78–82% of PBMCs were positive for the capsid. This study confirmed the ORF3 protein not only colocalized with the capsid protein but also colocalized with the p53 protein in PBMCs. Immunoassays were conducted in this study to detect the capsid protein, the ORF3 protein, anti-capsid IgG, and anti-ORF3 IgG. The data show the correlation (r = 0.758) of the ORF3 protein and the capsid protein in the blood samples from the PCV2-infected herd. However, each anti-viral protein IgG had a different curve of the profile in the same herd after vaccination. Overall, this study provides a blueprint to explore the ORF3 protein in PCV2-infected PBMCs.
Highlights
The Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a small virus and contains closed circular single-stranded DNA [1].Previous studies indicated that porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is non-pathogenic to porcine herd [2,3].porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-infected pigs showed dullness, thinness, lymphadenopathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and other manifestations [4,5,6,7,8]
The open reading frame 3 (ORF3) peptide N1 or virus-like particles (VLP) of PCV2 was capable of inducing each specific antibody
This study showed the ORF3 protein colocalized with the capsid protein marker of PCV2
Summary
The Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a small virus and contains closed circular single-stranded DNA [1].Previous studies indicated that porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is non-pathogenic to porcine herd [2,3].porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-infected pigs showed dullness, thinness, lymphadenopathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and other manifestations [4,5,6,7,8]. The Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a small virus and contains closed circular single-stranded DNA [1]. Previous studies indicated that porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is non-pathogenic to porcine herd [2,3]. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-infected pigs showed dullness, thinness, lymphadenopathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly, and other manifestations [4,5,6,7,8]. Lymphocyte depletion and apoptosis of lymphocytes were the significant histopathological lesions in lymphoid tissues of PCV2-infected pigs [9,10]. PCV2-associated disease (PCVAD) manifested as severe swine herd problems [4,6,7,8]. PCVAD has become one of the significant swine diseases worldwide, and it impacts pork production [7]
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