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Abstract
Curing temperature affects significantly the compressive strength development of mortar mixtures. Higher curing temperatures accelerate the cement hydration and thus also the early age compressive strength development. However, the age conversion factors in maturity functions, especially that of the Nurse-Saul function, are not sufficient to account for this acceleration and thus an additional “acceleration” factor is needed. The “acceleration” compresses a certain percentage of hydration or strength development into a smaller time interval. The strength development rate was increased because of the “compression” of the hydration. The “acceleration” factor was not equal to the “compression” factor. The reaction at the higher temperature was therefore less efficient in contributing to the compressive strength than the reaction at the lower temperature. A relationship between concrete strength and the Nurse-Saul maturity index combined with an “acceleration” and a “temperature efficiency” factors are used in an iterative procedure for predicting/estimating the strength development for other than the standard 20 °C curing temperature.
Highlights
The development of maturity methods, in around 1950, was the result of the need to estimate the effects of steam curing treatments on concrete strength development
Later studies [5,6] confirmed that at the same value of low maturity, a high curing temperature resulted in greater strength than a low curing temperature, and at later maturities, it resulted in lower strength
The early-age strength development of concretes is greatly enhanced by high curing temperatures, such as those used for steam curing of precast concrete elements, or in structural elements as a result of the hydration being an exothermic reaction
Summary
The development of maturity methods, in around 1950, was the result of the need to estimate the effects of steam curing treatments on concrete strength development. Maturity methods aim to account for the combined effect of temperature and time on concrete strength development [1]. Later studies [5,6] confirmed that at the same value of low maturity, a high curing temperature resulted in greater strength than a low curing temperature, and at later maturities, it resulted in lower strength This “crossover” effect was first reported in 1956 by McIntosh [5] and indicated that Saul’s maturity rule was not always valid. Functions described above are used for calculating a maturity index (temperature-time factor or equivalent age) based on the temperature history of the concrete. The applicability of Eq (8) in predicting the effects of temperature on the strength development of mortar mixtures has been investigated
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