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Abstract
In liquid mediums, whether the breakdown strength can be greatly improved after introducing the nano-particles has been widely investigated, however, there has been no scientific consensus on the modification mechanism of this anomalous phenomenon. In this paper, we first experimentally measured the streamer morphology and breakdown strength in pure transformer oil, TiO2 nano-liquids and Al2O3 nano-liquids under microsecond pulse. The results demonstrated that there are significant differences in streamer morphology between pure transformer oil and nano-liquids, as the streamers in pure transformer oil exhibit thick bush-like qualities, while in nano-liquids they exhibit tree-like qualities. Moreover, the breakdown voltage results show that the breakdown strength of transformer oil is improved after nano-modification, and the TiO2 nano-liquids and Al2O3 nano-liquids have nearly the same optimal volume fraction. The results of the analysis indicate that the modification mechanism of nano-particles is significantly linked to the trapped electrons process. Specifically, the addition of nano-particles can affect the electrons’ density and thus affect the breakdown process and streamer morphology.
Highlights
Pulsed power technology permits the electric energy to be stored at relatively low power, and be transformed into the electromagnetic energy by pulse and released into the load to achieve much higher instantaneous power [1]
By comparing the streamer morphology and modification effect of pure transformer oil and nano-liquids, we found that the addition of nano-particles can significantly affect the streamer morphology and modification effect
As shown in Figure 4a1–a5, b1–b5, c1–c5 are the streamer morphology of pure transformer oil, TiO2 nano-liquids, and Al2 O3 nano-liquids shot by high-speed camera, respectively
Summary
Pulsed power technology permits the electric energy to be stored at relatively low power, and be transformed into the electromagnetic energy by pulse and released into the load to achieve much higher instantaneous power [1]. Pulsed power technology plays an important role in controlled nuclear fusion [2], high-energy accelerator [2], and electromagnetic weapons [3,4,5,6]. In a relatively high-voltage and high-impedance pulsed power system with the lowest possible voltages in initial energy storage and switching, which can be used to design the electron ring accelerator [2]. The pulsed power system is mainly composed of the primary energy-storage systems, pulse compression systems, and high-power load systems [9,10,11]. Due to the rapid decreases in water resistivity, the oil medium would be more applicable
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