The Modification for Increasing Productivity at Hydrolysis Reactor with Jatropha Curcas Linn Capsule Husk as Bio-Methane Feedstocks at Two Stage Digestion

Abstract

Indonesia energy depends on fossil fuel which its availability get decrease; the price get higher day by day and the environment impact get worse on global warming. As tropical and agricultural country, Indonesia has plenty of bio- mass; therefore it was feasible to develop bio-fuel. In other, bio-fuel production must be wise because there were competition among food – feed – fuel. Jatropha curcas Linn (JCL) was one of non-edible bio-fuel resources, but there was mistake in development at Indonesia. This paper describe 8th study of gaseous bio-fuel from bio-methane with capsule husk as feedstocks, the waste of Crude Jatropha Oil (CJO). The study was conducted in Research Farm PT. Bumimas Ekapersada, Bekasi, West Java, from October until December 2011 to enhance the development of liquid bio-fuel – CJO/bio-diesel and gaseous bio-fuel – bio-methane in the concept of bio-refinery. Bio-methane was modern cooking fuel and the most efficient energetically. The utilization of industrial waste such as capsule husk will not compete with the food, but one of the problem was its low density, so the husk will float in the substrate. The problem can be solved by two stage digestion process, where hydrolysis reactor as process controlling. HDPE plastic drum with the volume of 160 liter was used as hydrolysis reactor. The reactors were arranged using Randomized Complete Design, three replications. The observed parameters were pH, temperature, substrate volume, volatile solid concentration, and acetic acid concentration This paper was focused on reporting of application technology modification on placement of ballast as oppressor substrate in hydrolysis reactor. 19kg of cement slabs is used to suppress 13kg dried husk (DH) + river water with the ratio 1: 8. The ballast was installed on 4, 7, 10 and 14 days of harvest retention time of hydrolysis substrate. The result showed ballast application can increase of hydrolysis substrate volume from 33.19% until 47.25% even no significantly different by statistical analysis. There was increasing in acetic acid concentration (93.27% - 128.51%) and statistical analysis showed significantly different on 4 days treatment. There was increasing on hydrolysis solution production on 4 days treatment (229.48%) and it was significantly different according statistical analysis. As the conclusion, the usage of 19kg ballast as oppressor can increase hydrolysis solution productivity on 160 liter HDPE hydrolysis reactor with concentration 1: 8 on 4 days harvest retention time.