THE MODERN RESEARCHS ON GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF MOIST SUBTROPICAL SOILS OF AZERBAIJAN

Abstract

One of the leading areas of modern soil science is the study of groundwater for use in agriculture. The importance of this direction is determined by the development of methods for studying soil processes. In uncultivated soils formed under natural vegetation, the approach of the groundwater level to the surface leads to soil salinization and waterlogging. Long-term and systematic irrigation in the Lerik region creates a completely new water and soil process. The reserves of humus, carbon, nitrogen and the C:N ratio were determined in pseudo-podzolized clayey mountain-forest yellow earth soils (Aric, Staqnic Cleyic Acrisols - Loamic) common in the zone of humid subtropics in the Lerik region located in the southern part of Azerbaijan. In order to turn uncultivated soils into arable land, it is necessary to create a mathematical model of groundwater level fluctuations, to determine the functional relationship between the amount of nutrients and the final product. The application of the results of mathematical calculations ensures the involvement of lands in agriculture and obtaining high productivity from these lands. The results of analyzes of the river waters chosen as the object of study show that there were no serious mineralization processes in the rivers. The mineralization of river waters in the Lerik region varied within 0.439-0.678 g/l. The content of magnesium in water taken from the Lerik region ranges from 0.021-0.037 g/l. The content of sodium and potassium ions in the salinity of water ranges from 0.061-0.083 g/l. According to the results of analyzes, it can be seen that the mineral composition of the Lerik River is useful for drinking and suitable for agriculture, as irrigation water.