Abstract
The term “mixed alkali (MA) effect”, as originally proposed, refers to a large deviation in glass properties as a function of composition as one alkali ion is replaced by another. For example, in XNa20 — (1 — X) K20 — 3 Si02 glasses intermediate composition (X ~ 0.5) exhibit electrical conductivities several orders of magnitude lower than do the end compositions (X=0 and 1). The effect is largely confined to properties determined by mobile ions, e.g. electrical conductivity, ionic diffusion and chemical durability. The effect is not unique to glasses; it is also observed in crystals and high viscosity melts. It is also not unique to mixed alkali systems; it is also observed in mixed Ag+/Tl+ and F-/Cl- systems, so long as the ions in question are the main charge carriers in the system. Consequently the phenomenon might be better referred to as “mixed mobile ion effect”.
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