Abstract
Introduction. Modern society is characterized by permanent large-scale transformations, which entail the transformation of social institutions. The course of the process of internationalization of professional sports is significantly influenced by economic factors. Becoming an important element of international relations, sports migration helps to realize humanitarian and cultural dialogue between countries and peoples. Aim of the research: to identify the main trends of migration processes in Olympic wrestling and their impact on the achievements of athletes. Material and methods. The careers of the participants of the 2018 and 2019 World Championships in wrestling (a total of 28 careers of migrant wrestlers) were analyzed. In order to determine the main ways of development of athletes, an analysis of age and results of achievements before and after migration was conducted. Results. Seven athletes (25.0%) changed their citizenship before the age of 22, and another six athletes (17.9%) changed their citizenship between the ages of 22 and 23, while still in the U23 age group. The largest number of athletes change their citizenship after the age of 26: 10 wrestlers (35.7%) changed their citizenship at the age of 27-29 and two wrestlers (7.1%) changed their age at the age of 30 and older. Before migration, athletes participated on average 7.4 times and 2.1 times less than after migration, respectively, freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestlers. Conclusions. Based on the analysis, it is advisable to identify two main groups of wrestlers who have changed their citizenship to continue their sports careers: - wrestlers under 23 years old and wrestlers over 26 years old. The analysis of achievements showed that the average number of performances in the international arena and the average number of won prizes after migration increases several times.
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