Abstract
This paper reports the results of investigations of the microstructures and magnetic properties of some cast and annealed PrFeCuB alloys represented by the formulae, Pr x Fe 94.3− x Cu 2.0B 3.7, Pr 20.5Fe 75.8− x Cu x B 3.7 and P i 20.5 Fe 77.5− x Cu 2.0B x . Microstructural examination of these alloys showed that most of them exhibited Pr 2Fe 14B plate-like grains with the c-axis perpendicular to the plate surface and there was c-axis alignment in the plane perpendicular to the predominant cooling direction. Scanning electron microscopy examination of the alloys showed that the copper was concentrated in the inter-crystalline regions and only trace quantities (<0.4at.%) of copper were detected in the Pr 2Fe 14B phase. A eutectic mixture and a needle-like phase were observed in the inter-crystalline regions. The permanent magnet properties of the alloys, subject to various casting conditions and heat treatments, were investigated and enhanced properties were observed perpendicular to the predominant cooling direction. The largest (BH) max value (70 kJ m −3) was achieved for the Pr 20.5Fe 73.8Cu 2.0B 3.7 alloy after annealing at 1000 °C for 5 h to remove the free iron. An improvement in the intrinsic coercivity of 73% was observed for this alloy on annealing for 3 h at 500 °C. Attempts have been made to correlate the permanent magnetic properties of the alloys with their corresponding microstructures.
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