The Micronuclei Scoring as a Biomarker for Early Detection of Genotoxic Effect of Cigarette Smoking.

Asmaa M Mohammed,Hend Rashad,Dalia F Hussen,Adel Hasheesh

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.1.87

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the micronuclei scoring as a biomarker for early detection and screening of genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking in the peripheral blood T- lymphocytes. A total number of eligible 148 individuals have participated in the study; 78 Current smokers and 70 never smokers. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was performed for all the participants in the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. Assessment of the smoking status of the participants was conducted through the detailed smoking history, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) scoring, and determination of the urinary cotinine creatinine ratio (CCR). A significantly higher frequency of micronuclei in the binucleated T-lymphocytes(BMNi) was identified in the smokers group as compared to the nonsmokers; OR=4.9, 95% CI=1.9-12.5), P-value=0.006. Both of the pack years and the smoking duration of the smokers could significantly predict the BMNi scoring; P-value=0.001, 0.002 respectively. Our results indicate the association between BMNi and cigarette smoking, suggesting that BMNi Scoring can be a useful biomarker for early detection and screening of the genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking as a primary preventive measure for various smoking induced cancers.<br />.

Highlights

Cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of death globally, and is the responsible cause of an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018
It is well known that cigarette smoke contains large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced oxidative DNA damage has been reported to play a major role in lung cancer (Chen et al, 2015)
The present study evaluated the micronuclei (MNi) scoring in the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes, as a useful biomarker for early detection and screening of the cigarette smoking induced genotoxic effect

Summary

Introduction

Cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of death globally, and is the responsible cause of an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Scoring of micronuclei (MNi) is considered a DNA damage biomarker which expected in the future to be predictive of increased genotoxicity and can be utilized as a biomarker to distinguish different preneoplastic conditions much prior than the appearances of clinical symptoms especially in the high risk populations (Shashikala et al, 2015). The micronuclei (MNi), originate either from acentric chromosome fragments or a whole chromosome lagging behind in anaphase and are left outside the daughter nuclei. They can originate from chromosome breakage due to unrepaired or misrepaired DNA lesions or chromosome malsegregation due to mitotic malfunctioning (Migliore et al, 2011)

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Results

Conclusion