Abstract
The micromorphological and anatomical properties of Onosma angustissimum Hausskn. & Bornm. and O. cassium Boiss. were investigated. O. angustissimum is an endemic species. All examined taxa had secondary root structure. Crystals were seen in the stem and leaves of two species. Epidermal cells containing crystal needles were observed in O. cassium. Studied Onosma species had isobilateral type of leaves. Stomata were anisocytic and anomocytic. Glandular and eglandular trichomes especially porrect-stellate and simple trichomes were densely seen on the both upper and lower epidermis of leaves in two species. Stomata index was different in O. cassium from O. angustissimum.Keywords: Boraginaceae; Onosma; Morphology; Anatomy; LM; SEMDOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v17i1.5386Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(1): 1-8, 2010 (June)
Highlights
The family Boraginaceae comprises about 131 genera and 2500 species in five subfamilies and seven tribes
The genus Onosma is represented by about 102 taxa (97 species) in Turkey and the proportion of endemism among native species is 50% including 50 endemic species and 1 endemic variety (Riedl, 1978; Davis et al, 1988; Yıldırımlı, 2000; Riedl et al, 2005; Binzet and Orcan, 2007)
The roots of many species of Boraginaceae, in the genera Alkana Tausch, Anchusa L., Arnebia Forssk., Cynoglossum L., Echium L., Lithospermum L. and Onosma L. yield red to purple nafthaquinone dyes commonly known as alkannins
Summary
The family Boraginaceae comprises about 131 genera and 2500 species in five subfamilies and seven tribes. The Boraginaceae are distributed throughout the tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world. The centers of highest diversity in the North Temperate Zone are the Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean regions, and in the tropics are Central America and northern and Central South America. In Turkey there are about 300 species (Al- Shehbaz, 1991). The roots of many species of Boraginaceae, in the genera Alkana Tausch, Anchusa L., Arnebia Forssk., Cynoglossum L., Echium L., Lithospermum L. and Onosma L. yield red to purple nafthaquinone dyes commonly known as alkannins. Several members of the Boraginaceae have commonly been used as pot herbs and for their medicinal and culinary values (Al- Shehbaz, 1991)
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