Abstract
This review aimed to systematically compare microbial profiles of peri-implantitis to those of periodontitis and healthy implants. Therefore, an electronic search in five databases was conducted. For inclusion, studies assessing the microbiome of peri-implantitis in otherwise healthy patients were considered. Literature was assessed for consistent evidence of exclusive or predominant peri-implantitis microbiota. Of 158 potentially eligible articles, data of 64 studies on 3730 samples from peri-implant sites were included in this study. Different assessment methods were described in the studies, namely bacterial culture, PCR-based assessment, hybridization techniques, pyrosequencing, and transcriptomic analyses. After analysis of 13 selected culture-dependent studies, no microbial species were found to be specific for peri-implantitis. After assessment of 28 studies using PCR-based methods and a meta-analysis on 19 studies, a higher prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia (log-odds ratio 4.04 and 2.28, respectively) was detected in peri-implantitis biofilms compared with healthy implants. Actinomyces spp., Porphyromonas spp. and Rothia spp. were found in all five pyrosequencing studies in healthy-, periodontitis-, and peri-implantitis samples. In conclusion, the body of evidence does not show a consistent specific profile. Future studies should focus on the assessment of sites with different diagnosis for the same patient, and investigate the complex host-biofilm interaction.
Highlights
To date, dental implants have shown high survival rates of up to 99% over 10 years [1,2]
The relevant literature on the microbiome of peri-implantitis biofilm, comparing its composition with that of biofilms collected from healthy implant sites and periodontitis sites, was reviewed
The meta-analyses were performed to assess the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, and T. forsythia, revealing generally higher chances of occurrence in peri-implantitis biofilms as compared to either periodontitis samples or healthy implants
Summary
Dental implants have shown high survival rates of up to 99% over 10 years [1,2]. Like in the therapy of periodontal inflammation, which is biofilm-induced, mechanical biofilm removal has been proven to be the most efficient treatment modality. Antimicrobials have been used, yet with limited success [19,20] Both measures, mechanical and antiseptic biofilm control, represent very generic treatment strategies and do not conform to the need for individualized, specific, and sophisticated therapy schemes. Mechanical and antiseptic biofilm control, represent very generic treatment strategies and do not conform to the need for individualized, specific, and sophisticated therapy schemes After comparing the microbiome of healthy and inflamed implant sites, Belibasakis and co-workers found a predominance of three groups of Treponema spp. and a Synergistetes cluster A around diseased implants [30]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
