The microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis

Ban Luo,Mu Li,Nan Xiang,Rong Liu,Xiaoqin Yan,Weikun Hu

doi:10.1186/s12886-020-01792-4

Abstract

BackgroundTo investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, specifically the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and acute dacryocystitis in pediatric group.MethodsThis retrospective study was reviewed for demographic and microbiologic profile of dacryocystitis. The culture results were reported.ResultsSixty-four adults and one hundred and five pediatrics with dacryocystitis were included in this study. Of all adults, only chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO was observed. Of all pediatric patients, 89 had chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 16 had acute dacryocystitis. Gram positive and negative isolates were numerically equal in adult group (both 36(48.65%)), while gram positive isolates were the major organism in pediatric group (71(58.68%)). Streptococcus pneumonia was the most common isolate in both adult (11(14.86%)) and pediatric (30(24.79%)) dacryocystitis. For both pediatric subgroups, gram positive isolates were the major organism (59(57.84%) for chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 12 (63.16%) for acute dacryocystitis). However, the leading isolates in those two subgroups were distinct, with Streptococcus pneumonia (29(28.43%)) being most common in chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and Staphylococcus aureus (8(42.11%)) being most common in acute dacryocystitis.ConclusionsIn adult group, gram negative isolates were more common in dacryocystitis than before. In pediatric group, gram positive isolates were still the major infection pathogen. Moreover, the more virulent organisms were more common in acute dacryocystitis than chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO.

Highlights

To investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and acute dacryocystitis in pediatric group
Gram positive bacterium was reported to be predominant in most studies, some rarer gram negative bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus became more common in dacryocystitis recently [14, 15, 17, 18]
The predominant microbiologic spectrum (46–90%) of dacryocystitis were reported to be gram positive isolates, while gram negative isolates only constitute 2.5–40% of pathogens [13,14,15,16, 26,27,28]. Contrary to those previous studies, our adult group study results showed that the gram positive isolates were not predominant, and gram positive and negative isolates were numerically equal in adult group (both 36 (48.65%)), indicating that gram negative isolates became more common and took more proportion in infection pathogen of dacryocystitis than before in adult group

Summary

Introduction

To investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and acute dacryocystitis in pediatric group. Dacryocystitis is the most common disease of lacrimal drainage system. The reason for this infection is blockage of the lacrimal drainage system, which could further lead to the accumulation of tears and creation of a fertile environment for secondary bacterial infection, and dacryolith formation [1,2,3]. The. Luo et al BMC Ophthalmology (2021) 21:29 relatively few studies focusing on the microbiologic characteristics of dacryocystitis and comparing the microbiologic difference between chronic and acute dacryocystitis [15]. Gram positive bacterium was reported to be predominant in most studies, some rarer gram negative bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus became more common in dacryocystitis recently [14, 15, 17, 18]. Changes in the microbiologic spectrum might obviously affect the therapeutic effect and outcome of dacryocystitis

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Discussion

Conclusion