The microarchitecture of the tissues of the shoulder joint in dogs

Abstract

Up to the present time practically not studied the peculiarities of formation of cartilage in the various compartments of the shoulder joint in dogs, as well as zones of least resistance joints in General. Available studies mainly use visual diagnostic methods, without applying morphological and morphometric. There is no information about age-related cytomorphological transformations occurring in the joint in normal and pathological conditions. In this regard, the aim of our study was to determine the zone of risk of damage to the shoulder joint in dogs. Studies were conducted on dogs and cadaver material, selected from giant, large and mediumsized breeds. Arthroscopic studies of dogs were performed, as well as light microscopy of histological sections of freshly treated samples of joint tissues. As a result of trauma to the joint is transformed physiological synovial folds in sklerozirovanie a pathological form that occurs in German shepherd dogs over 5 years of age in 60% of cases. The process of mineralization of the matrix and the appearance of multiple foci of ossification occurs asynchronously in the cartilage of the head of the humerus and the articular cavity of the scapula. Osteoplastic processes in the area of articulation occur unevenly. Cartilage coating of the articular surface of the shoulder blade is characterized by a more uniform distribution than the articular rotation of the humerus head. The zones of risk of damage to the structures of the shoulder joint in dogs were determined. These include: cranial and medial compartments of the joint, the caudal area of the cartilaginous coating of the humerus, the caudal area of the articular surface of the scapula cavity. The data obtained make up for the information about the diagnosis and risk factors in the development of shoulder joint pathologies in dogs of large and giant breeds. They should be used in clinical diagnosis and surgery of the musculoskeletal system in animals.