Abstract
In this study we present methods and automatic technology developed for routine processing of satellite imagery acquired by cameras MSU-201 and MSU-202 (KMSS-M) onboard Meteor-M №2. The developed methods were aimed at imagery georeferencing issues fixing, clouds and shadows detection as well as atmospheric and radiometric correction. Basing on these methods we built an automatic technology and complete KMSS-M data processing chain which provided analysis ready dataset for Russian grain belt and adjacent areas of neighboring countries for the year 2020. Method for imagery georeferencing was based on Pearson’s correlation localized maximization when compared to the georefenced and cloudfree coarse-resolution reference image produced in IKI RAS through MOD09 product time series processing. Method for clouds and shadows detection was based both on the spatial analysis of outputs from geocorrection step and auxiliary image, characterizing georeferenced KMSS-M image values relative accordance with the IKI reference image. The atmospheric correction was based on localized histogram matching of KMSS-M and IKI reference date-corresponding imagery, and thereby concurrently performed radiometric correction of KMSS-M data, compensating effects of varying viewing and illumination geometry which explicitly manifest across 960-km-wide swath area. The developed methods are noticeably minimalistic, requiring only one target spectral band to perform properly. Due to high flexibility and robustness, they also may be applied to raw satellite imagery acquired from various Earth observation systems, including Russian systems of high and moderate spatial resolution. The technology is currently being deployed in an operative mode for several test sites of Russia since the year 2021 onwards.
Highlights
Meteor-M No 2 meteorological satellite, which carries KMSS-M instrument (acronym for multispectral satellite imagery complex), was launched on July 8, 2014 and placed on sunsynchronous orbit at an altitude of about 825 km [1]
Meteor-M No 2 meteorological satellite, which carries KMSS-M instrument, was launched on July 8, 2014 and placed on sunsynchronous orbit at an altitude of about 825 km [1]
The cameras are optimized for land monitoring and operate in three spectral bands – green (0.535-0.575 microns), red (0.630-0.680 microns) and near infrared (0.760-0.900 microns) with a spatial resolution of about 60 meters, the formed viewing band from two cameras is about 960 km [1]
Summary
Meteor-M No 2 meteorological satellite, which carries KMSS-M instrument (acronym for multispectral satellite imagery complex), was launched on July 8, 2014 and placed on sunsynchronous orbit at an altitude of about 825 km [1]. The developed methods of georeferencing, cloud and shadow screening, as well as radiometric and atmospheric correction are based on spatial analysis and localized comparison with a date-corresponding coarse-resolution reference image, produced in IKI RAS using reconstruction methods [2, 3].
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