Abstract
Cancer is usually a result of abnormal glucose uptake and imbalanced nutrient metabolization. The dysregulation of glucose metabolism, which controls the processes of glycolysis, gives rise to various physiological defects. Autophagy is one of the metabolic-related cellular functions and involves not only energy regeneration but also tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of autophagy impacts on the imbalance of metabolic homeostasis and leads to a variety of disorders. In particular, the microRNA (miRNA) Let-7 has been identified as related to glycolysis procedures such as tissue repair, stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and tumoral metastasis. In many cancers, the expression of glycolysis-related enzymes is correlated with Let-7, in which multiple enzymes are related to the regulation of the autophagy process. However, much recent research has not comprehensively investigated how Let-7 participates in glycolytic reprogramming or its links to autophagic regulations, mainly in tumor progression. Through an integrated literature review and omics-related profiling correlation, this review provides the possible linkage of the Let-7 network between glycolysis and autophagy, and its role in tumor progression.
Highlights
Cellular energy-related metabolisms involve complex regulation dynamic processes.The current understanding is that the uptake of glucose from the extracellular environment is a primary way for cells to acquire resources for sustaining energy
Despite the fact that the tumor suppressor role of Let-7 has been demonstrated in breast cancer and glioma, with controversial responses in terms of mitochondria respiration [15,73], the evidence suggests that Let-7 may regulate the diverse activity of glucose metabolism-related enzymes to control tumoral functions
The effect of PGC1α and Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) on the Warburg effect remains unclear, these results suggest that Let-7 could regulate glucose metabolism and tumor cells could switch glucose metabolism into the Warburg effect in the way of this Let-7-associated modification
Summary
Cellular energy-related metabolisms involve complex regulation dynamic processes. The current understanding is that the uptake of glucose from the extracellular environment is a primary way for cells to acquire resources for sustaining energy. Autophagy is recognized as a digesting process to engulf cellular compartments or damaged organelles for maintaining metabolic homeostasis while responding to multiple metabolic stresses [2]. Within such processes, necessary molecules can be recycled by degrading specific factors to adapt cell growth to a rigorous environment. The glucose metabolic networks regulated by glycolysis and autophagy have explained the fundamental nutrients dynamic for maintaining cell growth and survival. Let-7 is the first miRNA family identified as involved in multiple cellular and biological functions, including glucose metabolism and autophagy. The interplay between Let-7, autophagy, and glucose metabolism is an aspect of disease progression that will provide extensive knowledge for developing alternative cancer treatment strategies by the regulation of cellular metabolism
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