Abstract
Abstract. We describe Global Atmosphere 6.0 and Global Land 6.0 (GA6.0/GL6.0): the latest science configurations of the Met Office Unified Model and JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) land surface model developed for use across all timescales. Global Atmosphere 6.0 includes the ENDGame (Even Newer Dynamics for General atmospheric modelling of the environment) dynamical core, which significantly increases mid-latitude variability improving a known model bias. Alongside developments of the model's physical parametrisations, ENDGame also increases variability in the tropics, which leads to an improved representation of tropical cyclones and other tropical phenomena. Further developments of the atmospheric and land surface parametrisations improve other aspects of model performance, including the forecasting of surface weather phenomena. We also describe GA6.1/GL6.1, which includes a small number of long-standing differences from our main trunk configurations that we continue to require for operational global weather prediction. Since July 2014, GA6.1/GL6.1 has been used by the Met Office for operational global numerical weather prediction, whilst GA6.0/GL6.0 was implemented in its remaining global prediction systems over the following year.
Highlights
At the heart of all numerical models of the atmosphere is the dynamical core, which is responsible for solving the atmosphere’s equations of motion
We describe Global Atmosphere 6.0 and Global Land 6.0 (GA6.0/GL6.0): the latest science configurations of the Met Office Unified Model and JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) land surface model developed for use across all timescales
The details of how New Dynamics was applied combined with the precise layout of variables on the global grid meant that the scalability of New Dynamics was limited to the number of computer processors typically used in operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) today
Summary
At the heart of all numerical models of the atmosphere is the dynamical core, which is responsible for solving the atmosphere’s equations of motion. New Dynamics was introduced in 2002 and made the UM the first operational model to solve a virtually unapproximated equation set – the deep-atmosphere, non-hydrostatic equations – which was achieved using a semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian approach on a regular longitude–latitude grid It has been shown not to scale over the increased number of processors that will be required in the 5–10 years For this reason, following the implementation of New Dynamics, the Met Office initiated the development of “ENDGame” (Even Newer Dynamics for General atmospheric modelling of the environment; Wood et al, 2014).
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