The mediating effect of depression on the relationship between osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease mortality: A cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundTo explore the mediator role of depression in the association of osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. MethodsTotally 19,605 adults from NHANES 2009–2018 were included in this cohort study ultimately. The outcome was considered as the CVD related mortality in this study. The follow-up duration was 81.09 ± 1.05 months. Weighted univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to explore the association between OA and depression. Weighted univariate and multivariate COX regressions were performed to assess the relationship of OA and CVD related mortality. Also, we analyzed the mediating role of depression on the association between OA and CVD mortality through the Sobel Test. ResultsThe CVD related mortality in this study was 2.57 %. After adjusting age, gender, physical activity, history of CVD, history of hypertension and eGFR, OA was positively correlated with depression [β = 0.78, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.54–1.02], and OA was associated the death risk of CVD [hazard ratio (HR): 1.35, 95%CI, 1.09–1.68]. Additionally, depression slightly mediated the association between OA and CVD related mortality in this study, with this mediating variable accounting for 5.61 % of the association. ConclusionOA was associated with depression and CVD related mortality, respectively. Additionally, the increased risk of CVD related mortality in OA patients may be slightly mediated by depression. These results serve as a reminder that giving careful attention to and effectively managing mental health may be beneficial to prevent CVD related mortality, especially for those with OA.