Abstract
The ammoxidations of propene and isobutene over binary mixtures of SbTe and SnTe oxides and ternary mixtures of SnSbTe oxides were studied at 623–773 K in a pulse reactor and in a recirculatory batch reactor. The main products of the ammoxidation were acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, respectively, but doping of the tin-antimony oxide system with tellurium dioxide was found to influence the selectivity towards the formation of pyridines (pyridine, picolines and dimethylpyridines), while the formation of nitriles was suppressed. With regard to pyridine production, the catalyst with composition Te:Sb:Sn = 1:3:6 behaved most appropriately at the optimum reaction temperature of 700–730K. The formation of pyridines can be interpreted in terms of a possible mechanism which includes the coupling of aldehydes (acetaldehyde and acrolein) formed on surface Sb or Te centres and [NH] −2 ions on specific SnSbO surface complexes.
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