Abstract
BackgroundGlobodera rostochiensis belongs to major potato pathogens with a sophisticated mechanism of interaction with roots of the host plants. Resistance of commercial varieties is commonly based on specific R genes introgressed from natural populations of related wild species and from native potato varieties grown in the Andean highlands. Investigation of molecular resistance mechanisms and screening the natural populations for novel R genes are important for both fundamental knowledge on plant pathogen interactions and breeding for durable resistance. Here we exploited the Solanum phureja accessions collected in South America with contrasting resistance to G. rostochiensis.ResultsThe infestation of S. phureja with G. rostochiensis juveniles resulted in wounding stress followed by activation of cell division and tissue regeneration processes. Unlike the susceptible S. phureja genotype, the resistant accession reacted by rapid induction of variety of stress response related genes. This chain of molecular events accompanies the hypersensitive response at the juveniles’ invasion sites and provides high-level resistance. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed considerable differences between the analyzed S. phureja genotypes and the reference genome.ConclusionThe molecular processes in plant roots associated with changes in gene expression patterns in response to G. rostochiensis infestation and establishment of either resistant or susceptible phenotypes are discussed. De novo transcriptome assembling is considered as an important tool for discovery of novel resistance traits in S. phureja accessions.
Highlights
Globodera rostochiensis belongs to major potato pathogens with a sophisticated mechanism of interaction with roots of the host plants
Many chemical nematicides are either low efficient [11, 12] or toxic and prohibited in Europe, and the control of Golden Potato Cyst Nematode (GPCN) is mainly based on deployment of major resistance genes (R-genes) (e.g., [13])
R genes conferring strong resistance to the pathotype Ro1 of GPCN were introgressed into commercial varieties from South America originated species: the H1 gene from the cultivated species Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigenum [14], and the Gro1–4 gene from the Bolivian wild species S. spegazzinii [15, 16]
Summary
Globodera rostochiensis belongs to major potato pathogens with a sophisticated mechanism of interaction with roots of the host plants. Resistance of commercial varieties is commonly based on specific R genes introgressed from natural populations of related wild species and from native potato varieties grown in the Andean highlands. Potato cyst nematodes originated in Andean regions of South America [1]. The protection of plants against potato cyst nematodes is complicated and commonly involves the usage of nematicides [8, 9] and trap crops (e.g., Solanum sisymbriifolium) [3, 10]. R genes conferring strong resistance to the pathotype Ro1 of GPCN were introgressed into commercial varieties from South America originated species: the H1 gene from the cultivated species Solanum tuberosum subsp. It is widely discussed that introgression of new R genes is of importance since there is a threat of nematode evolving [13, 17]
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