Abstract
As an important part of the nervous system, the human visual system can provide visual perception for humans. The research on it is of great significance to improve our understanding of biological vision and the human brain. Orientation detection, in which visual cortex neurons respond only to linear stimuli in specific orientations, is an important driving force in computer vision and biological vision. However, the principle of orientation detection is still unknown. This paper proposes an orientation detection mechanism based on dendrite calculation of local orientation detection neurons. We hypothesized the existence of orientation detection neurons that only respond to specific orientations and designed eight neurons that can detect local orientation information. These neurons interact with each other based on the nonlinearity of dendrite generation. Then, local orientation detection neurons are used to extract local orientation information, and global orientation information is deduced from local orientation information. The effectiveness of the mechanism is verified by computer simulation, which shows that the machine can perform orientation detection well in all experiments, regardless of the size, shape, and position of objects. This is consistent with most known physiological experiments.
Highlights
The study of orientation detection mechanism and visual nervous system provides a strong clue for us to further understand the functional mechanism of the human brain
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel discovered directed selection cells in the primary visual cortex (V1) in 1981 and presented a simple but powerful model of how such directed selection arises from non-selective thalamic cortical inputs [1,2]
Hubel and Wiese won the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their landmark discovery of orientational preference and other related work. They conducted a series of studies and experiments about cortex cells on rabbits and monkeys and observed some biological phenomena: (1) The visual cortex cells especially respond to rectangular light spot and slit; (2) there is a simple type of cortical cells in the visual cortex that only respond to specific angle stimulation in the receptive field [4,5]
Summary
The study of orientation detection mechanism and visual nervous system provides a strong clue for us to further understand the functional mechanism of the human brain. Hubel and Wiese won the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their landmark discovery of orientational preference and other related work In this period, they conducted a series of studies and experiments about cortex cells on rabbits and monkeys and observed some biological phenomena: (1) The visual cortex cells especially respond to rectangular light spot and slit; (2) there is a simple type of cortical cells in the visual cortex that only respond to specific angle stimulation in the receptive field [4,5]. By stimulating brain synaptic connection structure and information technology processing mechanisms through mathematical learning models, neural networks play important roles in various fields, such as medical diagnosis, stock index prediction, and autonomous driving, in which they have shown excellent performance [29,30,31] All of these networks use the traditional McCulloch–Pitts neuron model as their basic computing unit [32]. More orientation information can be achieved with the increasing size of the receptive field
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