Abstract
The hydrogen nucleus can migrate from one atom to another accompanied by zero, one, or two electrons, and the process is termed proton, hydrogen atom, or hydride transfer, respectively. Proton transfers are characterized by rapid exchange of the transferred hydrogen with solvent protons; this is easily detected with the use of deuterium or tritium isotopes either in the transferred hydrogen or in the solvent protons. (Such exchange experiments cannot be carried out in aprotic solvents.) Hydrogen atom and hydride anion transfers are not usually accompanied by exchange with protons in the solvent, but rather the hydrogen is quantitatively transferred directly from the donor atom to the acceptor.
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