Abstract
The activation of steel with colloidal titanium phosphate in the zinc phosphating process was studied. The mechanism of the activation has been clarified.The colloidal solution contains disc-shaped particles of the chemical composition Na4TiO(PO)2·O–7H2O. These particles are adsorbed on the metal surface during the activation period. When exposed to the zinc phosphating solution, sodium ions on the surface of the titanium phosphate particles are ion exchanged with zinc ions. The ion-exchanged particles, having a surface consisting of zinc phosphate, act as nucleation agents during the zinc phosphating.The disc-shaped particles are predominantly adsorbed with the flat surface against the metal surface. This causes orientation of the zinc phosphate crystals which are nucleated on the titanium phosphate particles. The adsorbed titanium phosphate particles can also affect the composition of the zinc phosphate layer.
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