Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) has a long history, and it was first discovered after the death of King Stephen Bathory. Until now, the mechanisms are still unclear, but some hypotheses are supported by most people, such as the third hit, termination signal, cilia of pathogenic, and helix-helix interaction. Among all hypotheses, the one called “the third-hit” is the most widely accepted. In addition, recent studies found that germ-line mutations, somatic mutations, and ischemic or toxic damage will lead to ADPKD. Although ADPKD is incurable, some ways can lower the progress of the disease and maintain most of the kidney functions. The most general way of treatment is to adjust lifestyle, such as the ketogenic diet (KD) or time-restricted diet (TRD). Another popular way is symptomatic treatment. The article mainly introduced the mechanisms of ADPKD. To better understand the mechanisms, the basic structure and functions of the kidney will first be introduced.
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