The Mechanical Properties and Biometrical Effect of 3D Preformed Titanium Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration on Alveolar Bone Defect.

So-Hyoun Lee,Young-Chan Jeon,Jung-Bo Huh,Jong-Hoon Moon,Eun-Bin Bae,Chung-Eun Park,Jin-Ju Lee,Chang-Mo Jeong,Gye-Rok Jeon

doi:10.1155/2017/7102123

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of three-dimensional preformed titanium membrane (3D-PFTM) to enhance mechanical properties and ability of bone regeneration on the peri-implant bone defect. 3D-PFTMs by new mechanically compressive molding technology and manually shaped- (MS-) PFTMs by hand manipulation were applied in artificial peri-implant bone defect model for static compressive load test and cyclic fatigue load test. In 12 implants installed in the mandibular of three beagle dogs, six 3D-PFTMs, and six collagen membranes (CM) randomly were applied to 2.5 mm peri-implant buccal bone defect with particulate bone graft materials for guided bone regeneration (GBR). The 3D-PFTM group showed about 7.4 times higher mechanical stiffness and 5 times higher fatigue resistance than the MS-PFTM group. The levels of the new bone area (NBA, %), the bone-to-implant contact (BIC, %), distance from the new bone to the old bone (NB-OB, %), and distance from the osseointegration to the old bone (OI-OB, %) were significantly higher in the 3D-PFTM group than the CM group (p < .001). It was verified that the 3D-PFTM increased mechanical properties which were effective in supporting the space maintenance ability and stabilizing the particulate bone grafts, which led to highly efficient bone regeneration.

Highlights

The sufficient residual alveolar bone volume is the critical factor to determine the long-term survival and success of the dental implant treatments [1]
Alveolar bone defects of the intended implant placement site result from infection, trauma, and lesion and numerous procedures including block bone grafting [2], ridge splitting [3], distraction osteogenesis [4], and guided bone regeneration (GBR) [5] are introduced for the bone reconstruction
The primary plastic deformation of the 3D-preformed titanium membrane (PFTM) group presented at 25.1 ± 0.44 N/m2 and that of the manually shaped- (MS-)PFTM group at 3.2 ± 0.12 N/m2

Summary

Introduction

The sufficient residual alveolar bone volume is the critical factor to determine the long-term survival and success of the dental implant treatments [1]. Alveolar bone defects of the intended implant placement site result from infection, trauma, and lesion and numerous procedures including block bone grafting [2], ridge splitting [3], distraction osteogenesis [4], and guided bone regeneration (GBR) [5] are introduced for the bone reconstruction. GBR is a surgical procedure that uses barrier membrane at the bone defected site to block the migration of epithelial cells and connective tissues and enhance the osteogenesis by stabilizing blood clot and boneforming cells [5]. Buser et al [6] pointed out that the use of barrier membrane with insufficient rigidity and space maintenance in the bone defects causes displacement of the grafts from the stress in the oral soft tissues, resulting in inadequate bone regeneration [7]. Nonresorbable barrier membrane such as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and titanium-

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