Abstract
Single crystals of tin have been grown by the Kapitza method, their orientations measured, and the crystals converted into sets of three spacers for use in an interferometric dilatometer. The dilatometer consisted of a vacuum furnace for heating the spacers and interferometer, and an auto-collimating monochromator. The movement of the fringes with change of temperature was observed visually. The apparatus, its assembly, and method of use are described in detail. The linear expansion coefficients, αθ, of six crystals of different orientations, θ, have been measured over the range of temperature 30-220° C, and αθ for a given temperature was found to vary linearly with cos2 θ in accordance with Voigt's relation. The two principal coefficients, α|| and α⊥, corresponding to θ = 0 and θ = 90° were found by extrapolation. α|| and α⊥ increase with temperature from 32.0 and 16.2 × 10-6/ deg. C at 30° C to 41.5 and 20.3 × 10-6/ deg. C at 230° C respectively. The accuracy of the determination is estimated to be within 1%. The results are exhibited in graphical and tabular form.
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