The measurement method of spatiotemporal accessibility of electric vehicle charging stations in the dynamic time-dependent urban environment

Abstract

The accessibility of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) is one of the critical factors affecting energy vehicles’ development. It is also the root cause restricting the replacement of fuel vehicles by new energy vehicles. All kinds of dynamic factors in the city, such as population and traffic, will directly affect the spatiotemporal accessibility of charging service facilities. Therefore, exploring the measurement method of EVCS spatiotemporal accessibility in dynamic time-dependent environments can reduce idleness, alleviate queuing pressure, and promote new energy vehicles. Taking Nanjing as an example, this paper conducts research based on multiply time slots, mobile phone records, and online route planners. It uses population data dynamic effect measurement methods, traffic congestion coefficients, and 3SFCA based spatiotemporal accessibility models to evaluate the time slot changes of EVCS accessibility. The results show that with the changes of the urban population, occupation, residence, work, and leisure, the accessibility of EVCS presents prominent “polarization” characteristics and dynamic effects. It is recommended to formulate new and adjust the deployment plan of EVCS according to the dynamic changes of the urban population, traffic environment, and accessibility in multiply time slots to reduce idleness and queuing and improve the utilization rate of EVCS.