Abstract
The efficiency of any application involving a liquid spray is known to be highly dependent on the spray characteristics, and mainly, on the drop-diameter distribution. There is therefore a crucial need of models allowing the prediction of this distribution. However, atomization processes are partially known and so far a universal model is not available. For almost thirty years, models based on the Maximum Entropy Formalism have been proposed to fulfill this task. This paper presents a review of these models emphasizing their similarities and differences, and discusses expectations of the use of this formalism to model spray drop-size distribution
Highlights
A liquid spray is defined as a flow of individual droplets evolving in a surrounding gaseous medium.Each droplet has its own diameter and velocity
The common process to produce liquid sprays consists in ejecting a liquid flow into a gaseous environment that can be at rest or in motion
The first point to be mentioned is that its application to liquid spray characteristics must be restricted to the number-based distribution since, from a mathematical point of view, this is the only type of distribution that is a probability density function
Summary
A liquid spray is defined as a flow of individual droplets evolving in a surrounding gaseous medium. Coupled with a breakup scheme, a theoretical mean drop-diameter can be deduced from the characteristics of the dominant wave Despite these approaches have reported important information in many situations, they can predict a limited number of spray characteristics and are applicable in a restricted domain. The dispersion methods essentially define a transform from this input pdf to the drop-size distribution pdf using the breakup model as a transform function This approach is very attractive but it remains difficult to apply as the problem of the determination of the drop-diameter distribution is replaced by the one of the determination of the initial condition fluctuation distribution. Models based on the Maximum Entropy Formalism (MEF) have been developed to predict liquid spray drop-diameter and velocity distributions. The main section of this paper (Section 4) describes the different approaches based on the application of the MEF and the paper ends with a summary and conclusions
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