Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Maxillary incisal display is one of the most important attributes of smile esthetics. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between maxillary incisal display at rest (MIDR) and various soft tissue, hard tissue and dental components. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 subjects (75 males, 75 females) aged 18-30 years. The MIDR was recorded from the pretreatment orthodontic records. The following parameters were assessed on lateral cephalograms: ANB angle, mandibular plane angle, palatal plane angle, lower anterior and total anterior facial heights, upper incisor inclination, upper anterior dentoalveolar height, and upper lip length, thickness and protrusion. The relationship between MIDR and various skeletal, dental and soft tissue components was assessed using linear regression analyses. Results: The mean MIDR was significantly greater in females than males (p = 0.011). A significant positive correlation was found between MIDR and ANB angle, mandibular plane angle and lower anterior facial height. A significant negative correlation was found between MIDR and upper lip length and thickness. Linear regression analysis showed that upper lip length was the strongest predictor of MIDR, explaining 29.7% of variance in MIDR. A multiple linear regression model based on mandibular plane angle, lower anterior facial height, upper lip length and upper lip thickness explained about 63.4% of variance in MIDR. Conclusions: Incisal display at rest was generally greater in females than males. Multiple factors play a role in determining MIDR, nevertheless upper lip length was found to be the strongest predictor of variations in MIDR.
Highlights
Maxillary incisal display is one of the most important attributes of smile esthetics
A simple linear regression analysis showed that several dental, skeletal and soft tissue components were significantly related to the maxillary incisal display at rest (MIDR) (Table 2)
The highest variances in MIDR were explained by upper lip length (29.7%), upper lip thickness (27.3%) and mandibular plane angle (25.8%)
Summary
Maxillary incisal display is one of the most important attributes of smile esthetics. A multiple linear regression model based on mandibular plane angle, lower anterior facial height, upper lip length and upper lip thickness explained about 63.4% of variance in MIDR. An attractive and pleasing smile enhances the acceptance of an individual in the society by improving interpersonal relationships.[1] With patients becoming increasingly conscious of their dental appearance, smile esthetics has become the primary objective of orthodontic treatment.[2] The most important esthetic goal in orthodontics is to achieve a balanced smile, which can be best described as an appropriate positioning of teeth and gingival scaffold within the dynamic display zone.[3] A significant portion of maxillary incisors is visible during speech, mastication and various facial expressions. The vertical exposure of the maxillary incisors during function is strongly correlated to the maxillary incisor display at rest (MIDR)
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