The Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities of Elementary School Students in Solving Story

Abstract

This research is a thorough effort to understand the ability of elementary school students in solving mathematical problems, particularly in solving word problems by following Polya's steps. Three fourth-grade students from State Elementary School 2 Majene were the subjects of the study, each showing a different pattern in answering the questions: one student answered correctly, one student answered incompletely but correctly, and one student answered incorrectly. Through tests and interviews, their problem-solving abilities were analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results show that students generally are able to determine relevant information at the stage of understanding the problem, although sometimes they forget to include important information. All students are able to formulate a plan and use appropriate methods to solve problems, although some experience difficulties due to inadequate planning. However, at the stage of rechecking, not all students are able to present conclusions and evidence accurately. This indicates that the ability to draw conclusions and test the correctness of answers still needs improvement, especially for students who previously experienced difficulties in planning solution steps.