The mathematical model of the radial artery blood pressure waveform through monitoring of the age-related changes

Abstract

Age-related changes in blood vessels affect the pulse wave propagation. These changes may cause an increase in wave reflection which leads to amplification of pulse pressure. The pulse pressure changes are associated with certain vascular diseases. Here we present a mathematical model of blood pressure for different age groups. The model is based on one-dimensional wave propagation theory and assumes that the pressure waveform is a superposition of forward propagating wave and backward waves from many reflection sites. The model is based on experimental data obtained by direct measurement of radial artery blood flow. The model clearly shows age-related changes in blood pressure waveform. The results of mathematical model correlate with the radial pressure waveform data. The model can be used in cases where it is not possible to measure the pressure due to movement of subject. Application of model to the direct blood flow measurements data allows the real-time pressure waveform monitoring. Furthermore, this approach enables monitoring of changes in pressure waveform due to the effects of medications.