THE MARKET FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WHITE CABBAGE AS AN ELEMENT OF FOOD SECURITY

Abstract

The article presents and analyzes the indicators of white cabbage production in Russia (by districts, subjects of the federation and categories of farms). The purpose of this study is to analyze the state of white cabbage production in the Russian Federation and in the world in terms of food security. Materials and methods. The information base of the research is information and scientific material, statistical data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), official periodicals of modern analytical centers. The study used general scientific methods of systematization, comparison and analysis of data. Study results. To increase the level of food security in Russia, it is necessary to ensure sustainable development of domestic production, physical and economic accessibility of high-quality food for the population. According to the new Food Security Doctrine, the strategic goal is to increase the export potential. The study revealed that about 70,150,406 tons of cabbage are produced. China is the largest cabbage producer in the world. In the Russian Federation, 14.3% of all cultivated areas of open ground crops are occupied for cabbage. The area under crop for cabbage in farms of all categories has decreased over the past six years. Many farmers and agricultural organizations refuse to grow cabbage due to its low profitability. The main cabbage production in 2022 is concentrated in the North Caucasus Federal District. In 2022, the volume of gross cabbage harvest amounted to 23,200.2 thousand tons. The current situation in the country makes it possible to implement import substitution of varieties and hybrids of white cabbage. Currently, the main task is to abandon the import of seeds of foreign breeding, and therefore it is important to focus on creating new hybrids that will be of high quality, good yield and shelf life, as well as resistance to diseases and pests. Conclusions. Today, the Russian Federation is under severe sanctions from the United States and European countries, so the issue of food security is acute. An important role in solving the problem of forming sufficient amounts of food resources belongs to the agro-industrial complex, which plays an important role in the country's economy. An important role belongs to the vegetable growing industry, which provides the population with a variety of vegetable products all year round. The country remains dependent on imported seeds, and for accelerated import substitution it is advisable to develop such forms of support as direct financing of seed production costs, provision of benefits, loans and guarantees. It is also necessary to develop a targeted state program for the transition of the industry to domestic seed material. According to analysts, Russia will be able to fully provide itself with seeds by 2025–2030.