Abstract
With scanning transmission ion microscopy (STIM), images are formed by taking an “average” of the energies of a number of ions within a pixel. Moments can be calculated by summing various powers of energy difference from this average. This paper will explore the use of moments in STIM imaging. Moments from both median and mean averaging have been calculated and compared to theoretical calculations for a beam scanned across an edge. The use of moments to emphasize regions of unresolved structure and to display areas of complexity within an object has been examined with a 0.220 μm latex sphere as an example. In the presence of noise from slit scattered ions and incomplete charge collection within the surface barrier detector, the optimal moment has been found to be the second moment of ions whose energy is greater than the “average” value. Examples of moments emphasizing regions of unresolved structure in animal tissue are presented.
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