Abstract
The quantum mechanics of a single particle in an external field can be generalised to the motion of several particles. To do so it is sufficient, as in classical mechanics, to consider a system of N particles as a single particle with 3N degrees of freedom (neglecting the spin of the particles, otherwise with 4N degrees of freedom). All the general results of quantum mechanics which are valid for systems with several degrees of freedom can be applied immediately to a system of N particles. There are, nevertheless, certain properties peculiar to many-particle systems which must receive special consideration. Among these there are some of particular importance for systems consisting of identical particles, and in what follows we shall be especially concerned with such systems, the properties of which form one of the most remarkable topics in quantum mechanics. For the present, however, we shall consider some problems which are common to all systems of particles.
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