The Mannheim Cord Blood Bank: Experiences and Perspectives for the Future

Abstract

Background and Methods: As a source of hematopoietic stem cells, cord blood (CB) is an alternative to bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). The Mannheim Cord Blood Bank has currently stored about 1,750 allogeneic CB units. Here we report our experiences and discuss future perspectives of CB banking. We analyzed CB units for nucleated cell (NC), mononucleated cell (MNC) and CD34+ cell count, volume, colony-forming units (CFU-GM) as well as ethnic background of the donor. Transplanted CB units were analyzed for patient and transplant characteristics and compared to stored CB units. Results: Only 25% of all collected CB units met storage criteria. Main reasons for exclusion were: i) insufficient volume (57.7%), ii) delayed arrival at the processing site (19.2%) and iii) little cell count (7.2%). Up to now 36 CB units have been released for transplantation mainly to children (62%). Transplant indications were hematological diseases, immune deficiencies and metabolic diseases. Transplanted CB units showed significantly higher cell counts compared to stored units (NC: 12.5 vs. 7.2 × 10⁸, MNC: 4.7 vs. 2.9 × 10⁸, CD34+ cells: 3.3 vs. 1.8 × 10⁶, mean; p < 0.001 each) and were found more often in ethnic minority groups (36 vs. 20%; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Even though cell count and volume are key parameters for the eligibility of CB units, our data indicate that the ethnic background of the donor also plays a major role. Collection and processing of CB should be optimized in order to gain maximum volume and cell counts.