Abstract
The philosophy and religious tradition of Southeast Asia has not yet been considered in leadership theory. The philosophical strength of Southeast Asia is adaptation, change and flexibility. This article argues that modern leadership theory should include these strengths. It does so for the context of cross-cultural leadership, a context that requires empathy, ambiguity tolerance and the ability to change perspective. The contribution is conceptual: First, I present two Southeast Asian models of leadership, namely the mandala model of power and the model of substitutional harmony between micro- and macrocosmos. Second, I link them to cross-cultural leadership theory. From this, I derive the mandala model of intercultural leadership and draw conclusions for leadership theory.
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