Abstract
Diabetes is a dreadful disease, which in its acute stages, causes severe multiple organ failure. It is also one of the world’s oldest diseases. Type 1 Diabetes is characterized by the absence of insulin and exogenous insulin dependency. Stem cell therapy is one of the promises of this era, as there are numerous studies on Rodents, Frogs, Zebra fish, Dog and Chick, elucidating the wide array of genes, transcription factors, signaling pathways and compounds, which could promote β cell neogenesis, regeneration, differentiation and trans-differentiation. Even though, a recent PubMed search on the keyword ‘Pancreatic beta cell proliferation’ revealed around 3000 reports, this review focuses on the trends attempted in recent years and infers certain critical aspects in the observations.
Highlights
Carbohydrate metabolism represents a primitive molecular adaptation and the associated pathways are conserved across numerous species [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
A recent PubMed search on the keyword ‘Pancreatic beta cell proliferation’ revealed around 3000 reports, this review focuses on the trends attempted in recent years and infers certain critical aspects in the observations
Therapeutic targeting of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) in Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is highly effective in achieving tumor-specific apoptosis and differentiation of AML cells [139]
Summary
Carbohydrate metabolism represents a primitive molecular adaptation and the associated pathways are conserved across numerous species [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Vol 5 evidences, collectively suggests the mechanism of autoimmunity as the cause of canine diabetes, open to further research. In addition to the canine model, pigs exhibit much less sensitivity to Insulin [28], chickens need STZ injection in ovo, for successful diabetic induction [29] and various classifications of diabetes occurs in dogs and cats [30]. These reports indicate the radical modes operandi differences among diabetic subjects across the species
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