Abstract
The ESPAD study - composed by many national surveys targeting the European adolescents - provides the participating nations with a realistic perspective about the important problem of illegal drug, alcohol, tobacco use. For nearly 2 decades, the study brought a clearer understanding of the temporal trend of the consumption patterns, and a better understanding of some of their consequences. It has also given policymakers important evidence for intervention. Keywords: Lifetime prevalence, prevalence during the last 12 months, prevalence during the last 30 days, tobacco, alcohol, drugs
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