The Main Disease and its Attacks in the Generative Phase of Maize (Zea Mays L) in the Freshwater Swamps of South Sumatra

Harman Hamidson,Riski Anwar Efendi

doi:10.36706/jlso.10.2.2021.540

Harman Hamidson, Riski Anwar Efendi

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.36706/jlso.10.2.2021.540

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Abstract

In South Sumatra, the freshwater swamps is 157,846 hectares, with this wide freshwater swamps, it can be used for crops food cultivation, one of which is maize. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the identification and attack of maize disease in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra. The research method was purposive sampling. The results of the study identification that the symptoms of maize leaf rust attack, seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were the lumps or pustules of orange color such as rust and the symptoms of maize leaf blight seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were small oval brownish lines like burning leaves. The leaf rust disease had an attack rate of 90% and the maize leaf blight reached 98%. Based on the results of this study, the main disease of maize attacking in the generative phase was the leaf rust (Puccinia polysora) and maize leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis).

Highlights

Freshwater swamps in Indonesia cover an area of 9.2 million hectares (Sarwani, 2013)
The purpose of this study aimed to provide information on the identification and attack of maize disease in wide freshwater swamps of South Sumatra
Symptoms of corn leaf rust attack begin with the presence of small spots and eventually nodules will form on the corn leaves

Summary

Introduction

Freshwater swamps in Indonesia cover an area of 9.2 million hectares (Sarwani, 2013). In South Sumatra, the area of freshwater swamps is 157,846 hectares (Khodijah, 2015). This wide freshwater swamps can be used for the cultivation of crops, one of which is maize (Herlinda & Sandi, 2017). Low levels of fertility are often found in wide freshwater swamps , the presence of toxic substances in the soil such as Al, Fe and SO4 and low Cu and Zn micro nutrients (Helmi, 2015) and very low P elements (Subagyo, 2012). The effect of fertilization can affect the level of susceptibility of plants to disease (Syafruddin et al, 2012). The technology in cultivating maize is quite simple with perfectly cultivating the land by plowing it, applying agricultural lime and balanced fertilization (Yasin, 2013)

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