The main directions in the process of studying the principles of settlement and localization of small and medium-sized settlements on the territory of the Middle Ob region.

Abstract

The hydrographic conditions of the territory of the Middle Ob region determined the unique characteristics of the settlement system formed within its borders. Settlements are located on landscape manes formed by alluvium and having the form of elongated elevations of the middle and high floodplain of the river. During the spring flood, only small areas of land remain not flooded, and transport communication is carried out exclusively by water and air. The determining influence of the hydrographic characteristics of this territory presupposes the presence of marker signs of the settlement system, identified in the process of its formation and development, which means that it requires in-depth study by specialists of the urban planning profile. The relevance of the stated problems is added by the strategy of spatial development of the Russian Federation adopted by the government for the period up to 2025. This strategy assumes the concentration of economic growth in a limited number of centers and supports the socio-economic role of cities. However, on the territory of the Middle Ob region, which has significant spatial boundaries, there are no land plots that allow developing a large administrative and territorial center from an average settlement. National trends in urban planning policy do not imply variability for this territory and in recent decades there has been a rapid degradation of the historically established form of settlement of small and medium-sized settlements. In this article, based on the analysis of the main research directions, a small study of the unique historically established system of settlement of small and medium-sized settlements is proved. Historical cartography, notes dating from the end of the XVII – XIX centuries, studies of the XX century, as well as the results of a full–scale survey of the territory collected in scientific expeditions 2018 - 2021 are used as a scientific basis for analysis. For the first time, the question is raised about the need for a special in-depth study of the principles of settlement and localization of small and medium-sized settlements on the territory of the Middle Ob region by urban planning specialists.