Abstract
The annual steady increase of the herpesviral infections number in the human population is one of the most important interdisciplinary problems of modern medicine. Clinicians and laboratory diagnostics physicians face difficulties in clinical symptoms assessing, inadequate laboratory diagnostics and difficulties in interpretation of the obtained results. This is connected with a low awareness of atypical chronic active infection symptoms caused in particular by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), of the ability to fully diagnose, and of serious consequencescaused by prolonged activity of herpesviruses in the human body. Studies were carried out to determinethe functioning features of the antiviral defense system, as well as defects and disorders in the interferon system in patients suffering from various mono-, mixed herpesvirus infections and bacterial co-infections. The main clinical syndromes associated with these herpetic infections, as well as prevailing nosological forms of concomitant diseases, have been identified. Among the group of patients suffering from mono-herpesvirus infections, the leading position takes the allergic syndrome (55%), while the syndrome of chronic fatigue syndrome (85%) and the infectious syndrome (68%) prevail in the incidence of patients with mixed herpesvirus infections. Extended testing of the antiviral protection main mechanisms state made it possible to identify the most frequent defects in the functioning of antiviral immunity: disturbances in induced production of IFNα and IFNγ, deficiency of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, deficiency of natural killer cells, including EKT, and / or inadequate absence of their activation, neutropenia. The revealed clinical syndromes and functioning features of the antiviral defense system will allow us to further develop the concept of complex, individualized, etio- and immunopathogenetic therapy.
Highlights
For citation: Nesterova I.V., Khalturina E.O. (2019)
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (35.4%), CMV (22.5%) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) of type 1 (19.3%). occupy the dominant position in the etiology of mono-infections (Fig. 1) 63.7% of the patients were infected by mixed herpesvirus infections
In the course of the study, a number of clinical features characteristic of atypical chronic active infection (AChA) mixed herpes infection were identified, which included a prolonged feeling of severe weakness, chronic fatigue, beyond that the patients complain of sweating, unstable pain in the throat, muscles and joints, headaches, low-grade fever, lymphadenopathy, sleep disturbance, decrease in memory, concentrating, mental impairment, less often — psychogenic depression
Summary
For citation: Nesterova I.V., Khalturina E.O. (2019). The Main Clinical Syndromes Associated With Active Cronic Atipical Epsteine-Barr Virus Infection: Created Algorithm Of Clinical And Laboratory Diagnostic. Herpetic infections have occupied a special position in the infectious diseases structure These infections are characterized by a high prevalence, high virus carrying incidence, atypical course and a diverse clinical picture, as well as the complexities of clinical and laboratory diagnostics. Nowadays this family includes 8 types of herpesviruses These viruses belong to the subfamilies: Alphaherpesvirinae — herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 3 and varicellazoster virus (Varicella Zoster Virus); to Betaherpesvirinae — cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus (HHV) of type 6 A and B, HSV of type 7; to Gammaherpesvirinae-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), HSV of type 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma virus) [1, 2]. It has an affinity for the CD21 receptor of B-lymphocytes, which contributes to its specific binding to it and penetration into the cell, where it is actively reproduced, exploiting the various mechanisms of the cell itself [8,9,10]
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