The main aspects of physical therapy in children with bronchial asthma

Abstract

Purpose. The study of clinical features of the course of bronchial asthma and the study of the effectiveness of the use of therapeutic measures with the involvement of physical therapy in children living in Zaporizhzhia and from the Zaporizhzhia region, taking into account their physical development and indices of the initial vegetative tonus and vegetative provision. Materials and Methods. According to the set task, the first group of observation included 87 children with bronchial asthma (BA) living in Zaporizhzhia, 57 of which were boys and 30 girls, and the second group consisted of 40 children with BA from the Zaporizhzhia region, 24 of which were boys and 16 girls. As a comparison, 56 practically healthy children (31 boys and 25 girls) who formed the control groups (CGs) were examined. Thus, 29 of them (16 boys and 13 girls) from Zaporizhzhia made the CGI and 27 children (15 boys and 12 girls) from Zaporizhzhia region were included in CGII. The average age of the examined children was 11.40 ± 3.68 years. To evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy in children with bronchial asthma, their catamnestic observation has been conducted for at least 2 years. Statistical data processing was performed by commonly used methods of variation statistics of the licensed software package Statistica for Windows 13 (StatSoft Inc., № JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J). Results. Bronchial asthma in children, irrespective of place of residence, clinical course and severity, was characterized by a mild and moderate persistent course in 50.57% and 40.23 % of urban and 47.50 % and 45.00 % of regional patients with obstructive type of violation of bronchial conduction. Physical development of children with bronchial asthma, grown up in the conditions of district centers, had more often harmonious physical development (85.00 %) than patients from the city (56.32 %) (P < 0.05), and, on the contrary, disharmonious prevailed in urban patients (43.68 %) and was less common in regional (15.00 %) patients, mainly in boys (59.65 % vs. 16.67 %, P < 0.05). In all patients with bronchial asthma, unlike healthy children from control group, eutonia (34.48 % and 42.50 %) was rarely recorded but more often sympathicotonia (33.33 % and 32.50 %) and vagotonia (32.18 % and 25.00 %) with a significant difference with the control group of the regional children with asthma for the hypersympathicotonic version of vegetative provision and in urban areas for sympathoasthenic, asthenosympathetic and hyperdiastolic variants. Conclusions . The use of physical therapy in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma has significantly reduced complaints, disease symptoms, accelerated remission and increased its duration to 24 months and reduced the risk of transformation of the disease into more severe forms.