The Main Anthocyanin Monomer from Lycium ruthenicum Murray Fruit Mediates Obesity via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Improving the Intestinal Barrier.

Peiyun Liu,Yujia Peng,Yamei Yan,Lu Lu,Jia Mi,Youlong Cao,Weiqi Xu,Wangting Zhou,Xiaoxiong Zeng

doi:10.3390/foods11010098

Abstract

Anthocyanins have been shown to exert certain antiobesity properties, but the specific relationship between anthocyanin-induced beneficial effects and the gut microbiota remains unclear. Petunidin-3-O-[rhamnopyranosyl-(trans-p-coumaroyl)]-5-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) (P3G) is the main anthocyanin monomer from the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murray. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the antiobesity and remodeling effects of P3G on gut microbiota through a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model and a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment. P3G was found to reduce body weight gain, fat accumulation, and liver steatosis in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, supplementation with P3G alleviated the HFD-induced imbalance in gut microbiota composition, and transferring the P3G-regulated gut microbiota to recipient mice provided comparable protection against obesity. This is the first time evidence is provided that P3G has an antiobesity effect by changing the intestinal microbiota. Our present data highlight a link between P3G intervention and enhancement in gut barrier integrity. This may be a promising option for obesity prevention.

Highlights

We investigated the protective impact of P3G on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice, and used a fecal microbial transplantation experiment to see if this positive effect was connected to the gut microbiota
The results showed that P3G supplementation effectively decreased the increased fat mass caused by the HFD
The findings showed that P3G might modify the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in the HFD-fed mice, it remains to be determined whether the improved obesity phenotype of mice is dependent on the gut microbiota’s modulating effects

Summary

Introduction

Becoming a global epidemic, obesity leads to a slew of systemic disorders, such as insulin resistance [1], type 2 diabetes [2], fatty liver disease [3] and cardiovascular disease [4], which seriously affect public health and create a huge socio-economic burden. The prevention and treatment of obesity have become a serious concern around the world. Many risk factors result in obesity, such as genetic variance, imbalance between caloric intake and metabolic expenditure, metabolic-stress-induced systemic inflammation, and excessive oxidative stress [6]. Emerging studies have connected the variations in the gut ecosystem with diet-induced obesity

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