The magic of sound waves in medicine

Abstract

Echocardiography is an unavoidable tool in the evaluation of the cardiac system. It's role is as important as that of ECG. The basic principles of echocardiography is same as that of the ultrasonography. As the years progress lot of modifications has occurred with the modes of evaluation in echocardiography starting from the ancient M mode to the latest three dimensional mode. Along with the advancements in modes lots of upgradation has occurred in the functions of echo, which advanced from the identification of simple shape and structure of cardiac structures to identification of blood flow, its velocity and any mixing. On the other side various other forms of echo cardiography has been evolved like fetal echo, Transesophageal and intravascular echo. Among this three type transoesophageal echocardiography is the most common used in practice in case of open heart surgery or valve replacement. Depend on the position of probe over the chest the echocardiography is again in different axis. Even though it's an important diagnosis in cardiology it does not require any special preparations. The test can be carried out along with the routine visit. But the positioning of the patient and placement of the probe is usually important for a good quality image. Proper sound wave conduction is possible between the probe and the human body with the application of an electro conductive jelly.