The Machinery of the Universe A New Look At What Causes, Fields, Mass, Forces, Gravity, and What Is Energy

Abstract

The start of the universe comprises two spheres brought together with the velocity of light c. One sphere is filled with negative basic particles having a charge of ⅓ of that of an electron, and the other with particles with a charge ⅓ of that of a positron. The first dumbbell shaped particles formed upon collision are very high-energy spinning photons essential for the formation of fields. A small part of the photons reacts with additional basic particles to form proto quarks and leptons. The proto particles will surround themselves with photons until the formation of u and d quarks, electrons and positrons. The polarisation of the photons embodies energy and therefor mass. Photons transmit forces and gravity. Observations do not give an Euclidean view of the universe.