Abstract
The aim is to study morphofunctional structure of NALT (nasal associated lymphoid tissue) and visceral lymph nodes of rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) and to define the effectiveness of the treatment with herbal drug “Imupret”. Materials and methods: The experiment involved 20 animals, divided into 4 groups: the 1st group was the control group of healthy rats, the 2nd group was the control group subject to prophylactic treatment with “Imupret, the 3rd group included rats with experimental diabetes, and the 4th group included rats with experimental diabetes subject to treatment with “Imupret. Functional changes in immune organs were evaluated by the results of morphometric analysis; morphological pattern was evaluated by histostructural changes. Results. The research revealed that under conditions of diabetes mellitus type 1, the volume, area and density of the lymphoid tissue decreased, and only its "fine" cell was detected. The paper demonstrates the development of relative immune deficiency in immunocompetent organs in rats with diabetes mellitus type 1. The use of drug "Imupret" demonstrated its immunomodulatory function, which is especially important in terms of immunosuppression in patient with DM-1. Conclusion. The received results are of a great clinical significance, and show the necessity of early prevention and treatment of immunity disorders under conditions of diabetes mellitus type 1.
Highlights
In recent years, within increase of prevalence of immunodeficiency states of different genesis, doctors’ interest in the immune system functioning increased significantly [1]
The analogue of such tissue in the conducting airway is the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) or lymphoid tissue associated with the nasal cavity, which is the regional representative of submucosal of the immune system
In cortex of visceral nodes were registered lymphoid follicles, moderate density lymphocyte, activation of reticuloendotheliocytus, in medulla we found a small number of lymphocytes and stromal elements of reticuloendotheliocytus
Summary
Within increase of prevalence of immunodeficiency states of different genesis, doctors’ interest in the immune system functioning increased significantly [1]. MALT consists of visceral lymph nodes of gastrointestinal tract, being the place to induce humoral (antibody mediated) and cellular immunity [6]. The analogue of such tissue in the conducting airway is the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) or lymphoid tissue associated with the nasal cavity, which is the regional representative of submucosal of the immune system. The term common mucosal immune system (CMIS) implies that activated lymphocytes derived from one mucosal surface can recirculate and localise selectively in other mucosal surfaces [16] This connection between different mucosal surfaces permits immunity initiated at one anatomical site to protect other mucosal sites [17]. The particular interest from the point of view of clinical effectiveness has the combined herbal preparation BNO 1030 (Imupret) [20]
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