Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) represent one of the most exciting astrophysical discoveries of the recent past. The study of their low-frequency emission, which was only effectively picked up about ten years after their discovery, has helped shape the field thanks to some of the most important detections to date. Observations between 400 and 800 MHz, carried out by the CHIME/FRB telescope, in particular, have led to the detection of ∼500 FRBs in little more than 1 year and, among them, ∼20 repeating sources. Detections at low frequencies have uncovered a nearby population that we can study in detail via continuous monitoring and targeted campaigns. The latest, most important discoveries include: periodicity, both at the days level in repeaters and at the millisecond level in apparently non-repeating sources; the detection of an FRB-like burst from a galactic magnetar; and the localisation of an FRB inside a globular cluster in a nearby galaxy. The systematic study of the population at low frequencies is important for the characterisation of the environment surrounding the FRBs and, at a global level, to understand the environment of the local universe. This review is intended to give an overview of the efforts leading to the current rich variety of low-frequency studies and to put into a common context the results achieved in order to trace a possible roadmap for future progress in the field.
Highlights
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration bright (∼Jy) signals which have so far only been detected in the radio band
FRBs exhibit a dispersion measure (DM) relation that is consistent with the propagation expected through cold plasma [1], with values that largely exceed the ones predicted for galactic objects by the ionised interstellar medium (ISM) models toward their direction in the sky [2,3]
The motivation for this review analysing the multivariate complexion of FRBs at low frequencies, which will here be considered as frequencies below ∼1 GHz, is to provide a comprehensive overview of what aspects have been important to characterise the low-frequency population and, complementarily, to derive some general constraints that have emerged from lowfrequency observations that can help us shape future progress in the field
Summary
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration bright (∼Jy) signals which have so far only been detected in the radio band. Thanks to dedicated survey instruments and large amounts of follow-up time granted by more sensitive telescopes, the last year alone has led to—among other discoveries—the already mentioned detection of periodicity in FRBs, as well as hints for the existence of rare periodicity at the millisecond level (see Section 2.2); the detection of a burst close to FRB energies from a galactic magnetar simultaneous to X-ray emission; the detection of FRB emission down to the lowest radio frequencies (see Section 10); and the discovery and precise localisation of an active repeater from a globular cluster in the nearby galaxy M81. The motivation for this review analysing the multivariate complexion of FRBs at low frequencies, which will here be considered as frequencies below ∼1 GHz, is to provide a comprehensive overview of what aspects have been important to characterise the low-frequency population and, complementarily, to derive some general constraints that have emerged from lowfrequency observations that can help us shape future progress in the field
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