Abstract
This systematic review investigates the long-term effect of cochlear implantation (CI) on clinical outcomes in tinnitus patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 30 April 2024. Manual searches of reference lists supplemented these searches when necessary. Original studies included in the meta-analysis had to contain comparative pre- and postoperative data for SNHL patients who underwent CI. Outcomes measured were the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ). A total of 28 studies comprising 853 patients showed significant tinnitus improvement after CI: THI mean difference (MD) -14.02 [95%CI -15.29 to -12.76, p < 0.001], TQ MD -15.85 [95%CI -18.97 to -12.74, p < 0.05], and VAS MD -3.12 [95%CI -3.49 to -2.76, p < 0.05]. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference between follow-up periods in THI (p < 0.0001) and VAS loudness (p = 0.02). Cochlear implantation substantially improves tinnitus in patients with hearing loss, though the effect may diminish over time. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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